1. Pyruvate is metabolized to _____________ in aerobic metabolism, to _________________ in fermentation, and to ________________ in anaerobic muscle metabolism. What intermediate in metabolism controls the choice of metabolic direction from pyruvate?
2. What is the difference in yield of ATP between complete aerobic and anaerobic metabolism of glucose?
3. (a) What role do the (1) electron transport chain, the (2) proton gradient, and (3) ATP synthase have in the chemiosmotic theory of ATP synthesis?
(b) Where in what organelle does this process take place?
4. Postulate how light can be used as an energy source in the
electron transport chain. What common goal do the electron chains from plants
and animals have? What common product do they have?