Lecture 4 - 9/5: Energy, catalysis and biosynthesis II
Today's reading: Chapter 2 pp 94-106.
Reading for next lecture: Chapter 2 pp 133-154.
Key words:
SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS: In a closed system, things tend toward disorder
FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMIC: In a closed system, there is a conservation of energy
PHOTOSYNTHESIS: light energy+CO2+H20 -> sugars+O2+heat energy
RESPIRATION:  sugars+O2 -> CO2+H20+chemical energy
ACTIVATION ENERGY
FREE ENERGY
ENERGETICALLY FAVORABLE and UNFAVORABLE REACTIONS
ENZYMES and CATALYSTS
SUBSTRATE -> PRODUCT
ACTIVE SITE
DIFFUSION
COUPLING UNFAVORABLE REACTION to FAVORABLE REACTIONS
ATP + H20 -> ADP + Pi			deltaG = -7.3 kcal/mole
sucrose + H20 -> glucose + fructose	deltaG = -5.5 kcal/mole
glucose + ATP -> glucose-1-P + ADP	}
					}deltaG = -1.8 kcal/mole
glucose-1-P + fructose -> sucrose + Pi	}
Another example:
glutamic acid + NH3 -> glutamine + H20  unfavorable
glutamic acid + ATP -> glutamyl-P + ADP  favorable
glutamyl-P + NH2 -> glutamine + Pi  favorable