C 24Q CHEMICAL ANALYSIS (8 Credits) (Semester I)

Pre-requisites:
C 10J and C 10K
Syllabus:
Overview - philosophy; overall procedures; selection of methods; concept of purity; calibration; laboratory design, organization and management.
Theory and equipment for Chemical Analysis:

(a)  Sampling and sample preparation.
(b)  Titrimetric and gravimetric methods - advanced treatment.
(c)  Instrumental methods - thermal analytical methods; 
     spectroscopy (uv, vis, ir, x ray fluorescence, AAS); electro analytical 
     techniques, neutron activation analysis, chromatography (GC, GC/MS, HPLC). 
(d)  Automation, process analysers, process control.

A practical course of 72 hours.

C 25J BIOTECHNOLOGY IN THE CHEMICAL AND FOOD INDUSTRIES (4 Credits) (Semester I)

Pre-requisites:
C 10J and C 10K
Syllabus:
Industrial fermentation, Fermentation kinetics. Fermentor design and operation. Food processing plant sanitation and food spoilage Selected food and animal feed produced by the action of microorganisms. Biogas.
A practical course of 36 hours.

C 25P FOOD PROCESSING TECHNIQUES (8 Credits) (Semester II)

Pre-requisites:
C 10J and C 10K
Preference will be given to students majoring in Food Chemistry.
Syllabus:
The techniques for processing meat, fish and poultry, fruit and vegetables and dairy products with emphasis on fruit and vegetables.

 -  Post harvest treatment of meat and vegetables, treatment of meat and 
    poultry carcasses and fish;
 -  Unit operations of the food industry;
 -  Water relations in food processing, drying and dehydration;
 -  Enzymes in food processing;
 -  Thermal processing;
 -  Juices and concentrates, jams and jellies;
 -  Salting, pickling, frying and freezing;
 -  Aging, curing and smoking of meats;
 -  Additives (sweeteners, salt, starches, seasoning etc.) including agents for 
    enrichment and fortification, preservatives and antioxidants.
 -  New technologies (e.g.irradiation);
 -  Packaging

A practical course of 72 hours.

C 26Q ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY (8 Credits) (Semester II)

Pre-requisites:
C 10J and C 10K
Syllabus:
A study of the important processes and reactions in the environment by a consideration of:

	(a) the biogeochemical cycles of the major, minor and trace elements 
	showing sources and dispersion processes;
	(b) the divisions into lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and 
	biosphere; 
and 	(c) the interactions between man and the environment (including 
	pollution control).

A study of corrosion by a consideration of:

	(a)  metallic corrosion
		(i) in gaseous environments, 
	and	(ii) in aqueous environments;
	(b)  degradation of materials other than metals;
	(c)  corrosion protection.

A practical course of 72 hours.

C 34Q CHEMICAL PROCESS PRINCIPLES (8 Credits) (Semester I)

Co-requisites:
C 23J and C 33J
This course is available only to students majoring in Applied Chemistry.
Syllabus:
Process Material Balances.Transfer Operations and Separation Processes. Applied Thermodynamics and Kinetics.
A practical course of 72 hours.

C 35Q FOOD AND FLAVOUR CHEMISTRY (8 Credits) (Semester II)

Pre-requisites:
C 22J
Co-requisites:
C 32J
Syllabus:
The Chemistry and nutritional significance of the major food constituents (lipids, proteins, carbohydrates). Enzymes. Vitamins and minerals required for health. Food additives and flavourings. Naturally occuring toxicants in foods. Food contaminants.
A practical course of 72 hours.

C 34K INORGANIC CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES (4 Credits) (Semester II)

Pre requisites:
C 10J and C 10K
Co requisites:
C 21J and C 31J
Syllabus:
Studies on selected chemical industries based on inorganic raw materials e.g. bauxite/alumina, cement, glass, sulphuric acid, caustic soda, lime products, etc. Selection will be based on relevance to the region and the studies will cover the chemistry and the technology of the processes.
Practical work is of the following form:
The student is normally required to participate satisfactorily in an approved work study programme or where this is not posssible a project will be substituted.

C 34L ORGANIC CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES (4 Credits) (Semester II)

Pre requisites:
C 10J and C 10K
Co requisites:
C 22J and C 32J
Syllabus:
Studies on selected chemical industries based on organic raw materials, e.g. pharmaceuticals, products from sugar cane (except fermentation products), petroleum, etc. Selection will be based on relevance to the region and the studies will cover the chemistry and the technology of the processes.
Practical work is of the following form:
The student is normally required to participate satisfactorily in an approved work/study programme or where this is not possible a project will be substituted.

C 34J PROJECT EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT FOR SMALL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES (4 Credits) (Semester I)

Pre requisites:
C 10J and C 10K
Co requisite:
C 34K or C 34L or C 25P
This course is available only to students majoring in Applied Chemistry or Food Chemistry.
Syllabus:
A general introduction to macro- and microeconomics with special emphasis on the role of the Chemical Process Industries Sector in industry and the economy. Project Evaluation.
The cost elements involved in the procurement of raw materials, costs incurred in processing. Product sales, prices, sales volume, return on investment and payback period in relation to the economic life of process plants.
Management in Small Chemical Enterprises. Opportunities and roles. Organization. Production. Marketing. General Policy.

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