11 Anaerobic Metabolism of Glucose in the Red Blood Cell
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After reading this chapter you should be able to:
- Outline the sequence of reactions in anaerobic glycolysis, the central pathway of carbohydrate metabolism in all cells.
- Summarize the energetics of anaerobic glycolysis, including the reactions involved in the utilization and formation of ATP, and the net yield of ATP during glycolysis.
- Identify the primary site of allosteric regulation of glycolysis and the mechanism of regulation of this enzyme by AMP.
- Identify reactions in glycolysis that illustrate the use of coupled reactions to drive thermodynamically unfavored reactions, including substrate-level phosphorylation.
- Describe the major roles of the pentose phosphate pathway in erythrocytes and nucleated cells.
- Describe the principles of the glucose oxidase/peroxidase assay and how it is used for measurement of blood glucose concentration.
- Describe the role of anaerobic glycolysis in development of dental caries and acidosis.
- Explain the metabolic origin of acidosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
- Explain why glycolysis is essential for normal red cell functions, including consequences of deficiencies in glycolytic enzymes and the role of glycolysis in adaptation to high altitude.
- Explain the origin of drug-induced hemolytic anemia in persons with G6PD deficiency.
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